Infrastructure
Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) Satellites
PNT Ground Networks
Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) provide positioning, navigation, and timing information. These satellite systems are augmented by ground stations which can be used as reference points to increase the accuracy of information derived from the satellite signals.
Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Satellites
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2018 – Galileo Ground Networks – Snapshot
Responsibility for the operation of the Galileo constellation’s ground system moved in 2018 from the European Space Agency (ESA)…
2018 – GPS Ground Networks – Snapshot
In 2018, the USAF continued GPS operations with ground equipment that is decades…
2018 – Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) – Snapshot
Japan’s Cabinet Office continues to operate all four satellites of QZSS (also known as Michibiki), the country’s PNT constellation. QZSS is a regional PNT system solely catering to . . .
2018 – Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) – Snapshot
India launched one Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) satellite to complete its Navigation with Indian Constellation…
2018 – Global Positioning System (GPS) – Snapshot
The U.S. maintained 31 operational GPS satellites during 2018, the same number operational during 2017. While that number of operational satellites is . . .
2018 – Global Navigation Satellites System (GLONASS) – Snapshot
For 2018, Russia maintained its 2017 number of operational GLONASS PNT satellites, 24; these satellites are also . . .
2018 – Galileo – Snapshot
In contrast to the PNT systems operated by other nations (except Japan), two European civil government organizations (the EU) and the ESA) share acquisition, management…
2018 – BeiDou/CentiSpace – Snapshot
Of all the nations deploying and operating PNT satellites in 2018, China…